我在瑞聯銀任職時,與老闆合作愉快。他對我很信任,有問必答。有一次我遠遠看到(瑞聯銀的美國分部有世界最大的銀行交易廳,超過一個足球場大,四層樓高)他和他的執行助手(瑞聯銀美國分部股票銷售交易的主管,Head of Equity Sales-Trading;和我同級,但是較資深)在一起討論一件事,兩人的肢體語言都露出鄙視不屑的態度。我好奇心起,就走過去詢問是怎麽回事。原來附近的一家對衝基金,叫做SAC Capital(因老闆Steven A. Cohen而命名),邀請了我的老闆去“談生意”,但是他知道SAC的生意是怎麽一回事,所以衹派了他的助手赴約,那人剛回來匯報。
這個局面一直到2009年才有了轉變:一個有野心、有理想的新人升任紐約南區聯邦檢察長(US Attorney for the Southern District of New York,負責紐約市和附近的好幾個縣,所以對金融罪案有管轄權),他的名字叫Preet Bharara。Bharara出生於印度,隨父母移民至新澤西長大,是錫克教徒;在上任前已經當了5年的曼哈頓聯邦助理檢察長,對華爾街的非法勾當十分熟悉,但是他的前任祇關心建立人脈(這人後來轉任一個大律師事務所的高管),不放手讓他抓大魚。他一旦獨當一面,馬上就把内綫交易做爲辦案的主要方向之一, 6年下來,一連起訴了88個案,成功定罪了其中的87個,包括Galleon基金的董事長和一名高盛董事會的成員,驚動了整個美國金融業。他最重要的失敗就是Steven Cohen,這是因爲Cohen一直都不留下直接的證據,總是由手下當白手套;Bharara一連定罪了八名SAC的交易員,但是卻沒有任何一個願意當污點證人(Cohen錢太多,付出的封口費太誘人),最後衹好跟SAC和解,罰了4億美元了事。這是美國法律史上最高的和解罰金,但是衹占Cohen財產的2%不到。
這樣鐵面無私的官僚,動了幾個大財閥的蛋糕,幾年下來反撲是必然的。不過我本來以爲他們會從Bharara的職位著手,沒想到這些人在商言商(It is just Business, nothing personal.),倒不把它當做私仇,衹是著重在一勞永逸,從根本上杜絕了聯邦司法系統阻擋他們財路的可能。他們的入手點是一個叫Anthony Chiasson的交易員,他原本在SAC任職,後來拿了Cohen的錢開了一家衛星基金,繼續搞内綫交易的老勾當。他被定罪之後,上訴到聯邦上訴法庭,理由是Bharara沒有查到一手交錢、一手交貨的過程,也就是他在Dell和nVidia的“朋友”們衹是好意提醒他;上訴法官居然采納了這種荒唐的藉口,創下了新的判例,宣佈衹要沒有找到金錢交易的證據,内綫消息就不算違法。如此一來,Bharara或是其他有心辦案的官員就算有通天的本事,也不可能再定任何内綫基金的罪了,因爲這些内綫交易者有太多的手段來避免留下金錢直接轉手的痕跡,例如可以“捐錢”給内綫來源創辦並主管的“慈善機構”,或者用現鈔交易,或者是經過Cayman Island的銀行來匯錢。這還不夠,上訴法官還要求必須能證明内綫消息傳遞的每一個環節都知道消息是非法的,這在實際上根本不可能被滿足,幾個人隨便撒個謊,檢查官就沒轍了。
Respectfully: I think this only shows that you know nothing of "insider trading" and the legal analysis behind it. Your article here entirely misses the mark.
I would highly encourage you to first read the opinion (U.S. v. Newman). Or -- you can also read the analysis in Chinese, here: “内幕交易”的传奇 - 从德克斯到塞尔曼blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_9450a80f0102wnkq.html
The rule of this blog is that the dissenter must provide his own facts and logic in support of his argument. Outside links do not count, for I have neither time nor interests in reading them all.
You made a clearly false claim without explanation. This is a serious violation. Consider yourself warned. Bringing your facts to the discussion is YOUR responsibility, not mine. Lazy stupid people who do not want to explain their reasoning cannot expect me to do their job for them.
I am no lawyer, but probably have seen more insider trading on Wall Street than any other Chinese alive. If you are going to argue the legal points, that is exactly what this article is about. Namely, something hugely damaging to society/economy and nominally illegal has been whitewashed on technicalities and semantics.
For someone who claims to be familiar with legal matters, you are surprisingly resistant to abiding by the rules. This is my blog, and I run it by a set of clear and reasonable rules, one of which is that only facts and arguments presented here will be considered. Links tend to be a waste of everyone's time, and can only be referenced as proof instead of being used as substitutes for real arguments. Why do you think you can dictate how I spend my time when you yourself are too lazy to summarize the "truth" here? Unfortunate for you, I, unlike the practitioners of the American justice system, am not affected by twisted legal posturing at all. Since you are clearly incapable of logic and disrespectful to order, all your subsequent posts have been and will be automatically removed.